End of Poverty Guide Essay Example for Free

End of Poverty Guide Essay Sachs tosses out the ordinary perspectives about the reasons for destitution in nations, for example that individuals are sluggish or dumb, or the nations are not law based, and that debasement is wide-spread. 50% of the world’s populace exists on short of what one dollar for each day. He accepts that a great part of the issue is auxiliary, which must be managed through the assistance of the rich nations. Sachs accepts, most importantly, that all current obligation owed by the poor nations ought to be dropped. Besides, if the rich nations would build their improvement help from .2% to .7% there would be sufficient cash accessible to expand the monetary development with the goal that all nations would never again be incredibly poor. In the event that MAI is to get known as an organization which shows another method of managing destitution, at that point we have to get mindful of this book and Sachs comprehension and way to deal with neediness. Part Twelve truly addresses CHE. I have attempted to audit what has appeared to me to be the most remarkable focuses, part by section. All sections are not rewarded similarly. I essentially do this activity for myself to assist me with understanding the key focuses from the book. In the event that they are of any assistance to other people, at that point that is an or more. I have broadly expounded in the different rundown I have done on account of the conceivable direction this book can give us for another worldview for managing destitution exclusively, locally, broadly and internationally (which as a general rule we are as of now out and about in doing). A few things are both auxiliary and administrative issues and I am not recommending that we engage in these, yet change must start at the town level and afterward we can scale up our qualities from that point. Section OneA Global Family Portrait Sachs makes way for his proposition and book utilizing instances of Malawi, Bangladesh, India, and China to show various degrees of destitution. He talks adjoin the climbing stepping stool of financial advancement for nations. †¢ Lowest are the individuals who are excessively sick, hungry, or down and out to get even a foot on the base crosspiece of the improvement stepping stool. They make up the last 1/6 of the world’s populace, or one billion individuals. They are the least fortunate of poor people and live on under $1 every day. †¢ A couple of rungs up the stepping stool at the upper finish of the low-salary nations are another 1.5 billion individuals. They live simply over the means level. These two gatherings make up 40% of the world’s populace. CHE targets both of these gatherings, and particularly with the principal gathering. †¢ Another 2.5 billion incorporate the IT laborers of India. The vast majority of them live in the urban communities and a re modestly poor. †¢ One billion or one-6th of the world originate from the rich created nations. Sachs says the best catastrophe within recent memory is that one-6th of the world’s populace isn't even on the principal rung of the stepping stool. An enormous number of the incredibly poor in level one are trapped in the destitution trap and can't get away from it. They are caught by illness, physical seclusion, atmosphere stress, ecological corruption, and outrageous neediness itself. He breaks neediness into three levels: †¢ Extreme neediness implies families can't address fundamental issues for endurance. This just happens in creating nations. World Bank says their salary is under $1 every day. †¢ Moderate neediness is the place needs are commonly scarcely met. World Bank says this speaks to nations where their salary falls somewhere in the range of $1 and $2 every day. †¢ Relative destitution by and large depicts family salary level at being underneath a given level of the normal national pay. You discover this in created nations. He at that point presents the Challenge of our Generation which incorporates: †¢ Helping the most unfortunate of the poor break the hopelessness of extraordinary neediness and assist them with starting their move up the stepping stool of monetary turn of events. †¢ Ensuring all who are the world’s poor, including reasonably poor, get an opportunity to move higher in financial turn of events. He accepts that the accompanying should be possible: †¢ Meet the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. †¢ End extraordinary destitution by 2025. †¢ To guarantee certainly before 2025, that the entirety of the world’s poor nations can gain solid ground up the stepping stool of financial turn of events. †¢ To achieve this with unassuming money related assistance from the wealth nations, which will be more than is presently given per capita. Section TwoThe Spread of Economic Prosperity Sachs utilizes a few charts in this part. I won't broadly expound on these, yet I will call attention to some striking focuses: †¢ All districts of the world were poor in 1820. †¢ All districts experienced monetary advancement, however some substantially more than others. †¢ Today’s most extravagant locales experienced by a long shot the best monetary advancement. For instance, Africa has just developed at .7% per year while the USA at 1.7%. This may not appear to be a lot, however when aggravated year-by-year, it brings about the extraordinary contrasts between the two. †¢ The key truth today isn't the exchange of salary starting with one district then onto the next, but instead that the general increment in the world’s pay is occurring at various rates in various locales. Until the 1700’s, the world was surprisingly poor by today’s guidelines. A significant change was the modern transformation going to specific areas and not to others. The steam motor was a definitive defining moment since it activated the tremendous store of essential vitality which opened the large scale manufacturing of merchandise and ventures. Current vitality filled each part of the financial departure. As coal energized industry, industry filled political force. Britain’s modern advancement made a gigantic military and budgetary bit of leeway. Be that as it may, Britain additionally had existing individual activity and social portability than most different nations of the world. They likewise had a reinforcing of organization and freedom. England additionally had a significant topographical advantageone of disconnection and insurance of the ocean, notwithstanding access to the seas for overall transportation for their products and importation of other countries’ merchandise. Sachs then proceeds to layout what has encouraged major financial development: †¢ Modern monetary development is joined by individuals moving to the urban communities, or urbanization. This implies less and less individuals produce the food that is required for the nation. Ideally, food cost per rancher diminishes as bigger plots are cultivated all the more profitably. This additionally implies scantily populated land bodes well when numerous homesteads are expected to develop the harvests, yet scanty land has neither rhyme nor reason when an ever increasing number of individuals are occupied with assembling in the urban communities. †¢ Modern financial development encouraged an insurgency in social portability which influenced social positioning of individuals. A fixed social request relies upon the norm and agrarian populace. †¢ There is an adjustment in sexual orientation jobs with financial turn of events. This influences day to day environments just as family stru cture. The ideal number of youngsters diminishes. †¢ The division of work increments. By work in one movement rather than many, profitability increments. The dispersion of monetary development happened in three fundamental structures: †¢ From Britain to its settlements in North America, Australia and New Zealand. (It was in this way generally straight-forward to move British advances, food crops and even lawful foundations.) †¢ A subsequent dispersion occurred inside Europe that ran from Western Europe to Eastern Europe, and from Northern Europe to Southern Europe. †¢ The third influx of dissemination was from Europe to Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Sachs accepts that the absolute most significant explanation behind flourishing spread is the transmission of innovation and the thoughts basic it. The innovative advances came at various occasions. †¢ The main wave spun around the development of the steam motor which prompted manufacturing plant delivering products. †¢ The second wave in the nineteenth century was driven by the presentation of the rail and broadcast. It likewise incorporated the presentation of steam delivers as opposed to cruising ones, and the development of the Suez Canal. †¢ The third wave was started by charge of industry and urban culture. Alongside this came the improvement of the interior burning motor. †¢ The fourth wave came in the twentieth century with the globalization of the world because of new strategies for correspondence beginning in Europe. †¢ There came a period of an extraordinary crack which occurred with the beginning of World War I, and derailed advancement for a spel l. This prompted the Great Depression which prompted World War II. †¢ A fifth wave occurred directly after World War II, and in 1991. It started with the enormous endeavors of remaking of Europe and Japan directly after World War II. Exchange boundaries started to descend. There were three universes: the first was the grown West, the second was included Socialist nations, and the third was comprised of lacking nations (which were comprised of the old settlement nations). The world along these lines advanced on three tracks. The issue was that the second and third universes didn't partake in monetary development and really moved in reverse. By shutting their economies, they stopped themselves from financial turn of events. So I'm not catching this' meaning to the least fortunate of the poor nations? †¢ They didn't start their financial development until some other time. †¢ They confronted geological obstructions of being land-bolted †¢ They confronted the fierce misuse of the provincial forces. †¢ They settled on tragically awful decisions in their national approaches. Part ThreeWhy Some Countries Fail In this part, Sachs takes a gander at the reason for destitution and potential arrangements. He first arrangements with, how a family’s per-capita pay may increment: †¢ The principal path is through investment funds either in real money or comparative resources like creatures, and so on †¢ The subsequent way is moving

HRM in a Changing Environment The Challenges Essay

Todays associations are confronting difficulties after levels: I. Natural Challenges ii. Authoritative Challenges iii. Singular Challenges I. Ecological Challenges Ecological difficulties allude to powers outside to the firm that are to a great extent outside administrations ability to control however impact authoritative execution. They include: fast change, the web upheaval, workforce assorted variety, globalization, enactment, advancing work and family jobs, and expertise deficiencies and the ascent of the administration division. Six significant natural difficulties today are: a) Rapid change, b) Work power assorted variety, c) Globalization, d) Legislation, e) Technology f) Evolving work and family jobs, g) Skill deficiencies and the ascent of the administration part a) Rapid Change Numerous associations face an unpredictable situation in which change is almost steady. On the off chance that they are to endure and succeed, they have to adjust to change rapidly and viably. HR are quite often at the core of a viable reaction framework. Here are a couple of instances of how HR strategies can help or thwart a firm thinking about outer change: b) Work Force Diversity. Every one of these patterns present both a noteworthy test and a genuine open door for directors. Firms that figure and execute HR procedures that gain by worker assorted variety are bound to endure and flourish. c) Globalization. One of the most sensational difficulties looking as they enter the twenty-first century is the means by which to go up against outside firms, both locally and abroad. Numerous organizations are as of now being constrained to think all inclusive, something that doesnt come effectively to firms since quite a while ago acquainted with working together in an enormous and growing residential market with insignificant remote rivalry. Feeble reaction to universal rivalry might be coming about in upwards cutbacks in consistently. HR can assume a basic job in a businesss capacity to contend no holds barred with outside makers. The ramifications of a worldwide economy on human asset the executives are many. Here are a couple of models: Worldwide organization culture A few firms attempt to build up a worldwide organization character to streamline social contrasts between residential representatives and those in global tasks. Limiting these distinctions expands participation and can strongly affect the reality. For example, the head of HR at the European division of Colgate Palmolive notes, Å"We attempt to fabricate a typical corporate culture. We need them all to be Colgaters.  Worldwide alliances  A few firms effectively take part in worldwide coalitions with outside firms or gain organizations abroad to exploit worldwide markets. Making such unions work requires an exceptionally prepared and committed staff. For example, Phillips (a Netherlands lighting and hardware firm) turned into the biggest lighting producer on the planet by building up a joint endeavor with AT&T and making a few key acquisitions. These representations show how firms can utilize HR procedures to increase an overall upper hand. d) Legislation A great part of the development in the HR work in the course of recent decades might be credited to its significant job in staying with the in the clear with the law. Most firms are profoundly worried about potential risk coming about because of work force choices that may disregard laws authorized by the state assemblies, as well as nearby governments. These laws are continually deciphered in a huge number of cases brought under the watchful eye of government offices, administrative courts, state courts, and t Supreme Court. How effectively a firm deals with its HR depends to an enormous degree on its capacity to manage government guidelines. Working inside the lawful structure requires monitoring the outside lawful condition and creating interior frameworks (for instance, administrative preparing and complaint methodology) to guarantee consistence and limit grievances. Numerous organizations are presently creating proper approaches on inappropriate behavior and building up inside authoritative channels to manage affirmed occurrences before representatives want to record a claim. Enactment regularly differentially affects open and private area associations. (Open division is another term for administrative offices; private area alludes to every single other sort of associations.) Some enactment applies just to open segment associations. For example, governmental policy regarding minorities in society prerequisites are normally restricted to open associations and to associations that accomplish provisional labor for them. In any case, much enactment applies to both open and private area associations. Actually, its hard to think about any HR rehearses that are not affected by government guidelines. e) Technology The world has at no other time seen such quick mechanical changes as are by and by happening in the PC and broadcast communications businesses. One gauge is that mechanical change is happening so quickly that people may need to change their whole abilities three or multiple times in their vocation. The advances being made, influence each territory of a business including human asset the board. f) Evolving Work and Family Roles The extent of double profession families, where both spouse and husband (or the two individuals from a couple) work, is expanding each year. Shockingly, ladies face the twofold weight of working at home and at work, dedicating 42 hours out of every week on normal to the workplace and an extra 30 hours at home to kids. This looks at to 43 hours spent working in the workplace and just 12 hours at home for men. An ever increasing number of organizations are presenting Å"family-friendly  programs that give them an upper hand in the work advertise. These projects are HR strategies that organizations use to recruit and hold the best-qualified representatives, male or female, and they are probably going to result. For example, among the notable associations/firms, half of all volunteers are ladies, yet just 5% of accomplices are ladies. Significant ability is being squandered the same number of ladies drop out after long preparing in light of the fact that they have concluded that the requesting 10-to 12-year accomplice track requires a complete penance of family life. These organizations have begun to change their strategies and are as of now considering increases to be an outcome. Various organizations have as of late started offering youngster care and eldercare referral benefits too to encourage ladies laborers just as are acquainting elective booking with permit representatives some adaptability in their work hours. g) Skill Shortages and the Rise of the Service Sector. Development of administration area work is connected to various components, remembering changes for shopper tastes and inclinations, lawful and administrative changes, progresses in science and innovation that have disposed of many assembling occupations, and changes in the manner in which organizations are sorted out and overseen. Administration, specialized, and administrative places that require higher educations will make up half of all assembling and administration employments by 2000. Shockingly, most accessible specialists will be too untalented to even think about filling those employments. Indeed, even now, numerous organizations grumble that the gracefully of gifted work is lessening and that they should give their representatives essential preparing to compensate for the deficiencies of the government funded instruction framework. To redress these weaknesses, organizations right now spend huge sum year on a wide assortment of preparing programs. HRM in changing condition With the advancement of the investigation of HRM, it is not any more unimportant a scholastic order rather a significant factor of authoritative achievement in the handy field. Today HRM needs to detect, react and manage all the issues of the association at various levels and demonstrate its value. HRM needs to manage all the difficulties that association faces and these are at the accompanying levels: ¢ Environmental Challenges (Seven) 1. Fast Change 2. Work Force Diversity 3. Globalization 4. Enactment 5. Innovation 6. Developing Work and Family Roles 7. Expertise Shortages and the Rise of the Service Sector ¢ Organizational Challenges (Four) 1. Controlling Costs 2. Improving Quality 3. Making Distinctive Capabilities 4. Rebuilding ¢ Individual Challenges 1. Profitability 2. Strengthening 3. Cerebrum Drain 4. Morals and Social Responsibility 5. Occupation Insecurity 6. Coordinating People and Organizations Research

A Sorting Hat of Sorts

A Sorting Hat of Sorts Ahh summer. The fresh air. The copious amounts of free time (HA!). The Temporary Housing Assignments. Hard to believe that it was years ago I received my temporary housing assignment (Simmons), and since being at school Ive lived in many different parts of the housing system (West Campus, East Campus, Off-Campus). And from those experiences I think its worth saying that for me at least, where you choose to live can be hugely important for your health and happiness, as well as your academic success. Thankfully the MIT Housing system is designed to give everyone the best chance at being put where theyre happiest. Of course no system is perfect and there are no guarantees, but its flexible enough that most people can end up where they want to be. It all starts with your temporary housing, which actually means practically nothing. Its mostly just a place to put bodies while all the freshmen go out and experience REX (Residence Exploration). REX is where each of the dorms pulls out all the stops that they can to try and showcase their culture and the people who live there so that the freshman can get the best idea of where they want to live. At the end of REX, you can enter the readjustment lottery, where you can re-rank the dorms youd like to live in. Maybe REX changed your ideas, maybe they didnt. But the readjustment lottery tries really hard to maximize everyones preferences through some fancy algorithms and voodoo. I seem to remember that most people get their first or second choice for where they want to live. The key to the whole party though, is to pick a place you feel most connected to the people in. I cant stress that enough. A lot of times, I see students getting charmed by beautiful buildings, nice facilities, bigger rooms, more singles etc (myself included). But none of those things matter if you dont like the people youre living with. Thankfully, with such a wide number of Dorms and FSILGs (more on that in a minute) youre bound to find a group of people with whom you connect. It would be impossible to categorize each dorm concisely and completely, so Ill give you my impressions (thats my blog is for after all right?). Your mileage may vary. Without further adieu, heres my insultingly shallow and biased descriptions of the dorms, each in 144 char. or less! #twitteristakingover : WEST CAMPUS: Many newer dorms. Same side as the student center. Generally considered more tame than East Campus. â€"Baker: Largely athletic and social. Lots of normal college kids. Extremely popular choice among freshmen. â€"Simmons: New and modern. Unestablished culture and quiet. Lots of nice things, but a bit far from campus and other dorms. Has a Puerto Rican floor. â€"McCormick: All women. Former hotel. Dont know much since Im not a woman, but seems to house many international students. â€"Next House: I always confuse Next and New. I dont actually know much I can in conscience say about it. Near the end of dorm row. Everyone I know from Next is Asian, but thats not statistically significant. â€"MacGregor: Very tall. Has a convenience store which is, well, convenient. For a long time I thought this was a mens only dorm, but thats not true. â€"New House:  Has several international floors including a french floor, a spanish floor, and an African-American floor known as Chocolate City. â€"Burton-Conner: A curious number of bloggers have lived in Burton-Conner. In my admittedly limited experience, the most east of the west dorms. Has a jewish floor. â€"Maseeh Hall: Brand-Spanking-New. Choice location next to campus. No experiences to speak of, since this will be the first year its open! EAST CAMPUS: Older side of campus, with lots of heritage and very unique cultures.   â€"East Campus (EC): Truth be told, probably my favorite dorm. Large number of nerds. Lots of Course VI majors. They build a rollercoaster in their courtyard every year, and theyre super close to most classrooms youll frequent. â€"Senior House (Haus): Non-house residents shouldnt spell it like Haus. The oldest dorm on campus. Very accepting of alternative lifestyles. Residents of Senior House seem to have a really strong bond with the place and the other residents. They throw a big party called Steer Roast in the spring. â€"Random House: Not near the other East Campus dorms, but more or less aligned culturally. Lots of kids who love deeply nerdy things like LARPing and RPGs. (The games, not the weapons). Their isolation relative to campus tends to make them a tight knit bunch. ??? Campus: â€"Bexley: Bexley is crazy. Nuff said. Primo-location for campus. Of course, your experiences will vary greatly from mine, but the most important thing is that you find a place you like to live. Living near people you like and get along with has, for me, made studying easier, and life better. MIT is hard, and having people you care about and who care about you goes a long way in helping you get through it. More questions about dorms? Ask away in the comments! Post Tagged #REX

The Concepts Following Sociological Imagination - 675 Words

In this essay I’ll be talking about Sociological Imagination and the concepts following it and more especially the importance of it. Sociological Imagination is one of the core concepts of Sociology whereas Sociology is all about studying people within the society and what they do. Sociological imagination is all about using one’s mind to see how people are affected by tangible and intangible things around them. Sociological imagination is affected by social forces which are forces that influence people to act in a certain way that is different from before. THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION The importance of sociological imagination is that it helps us as individuals, understand the nature of living by letting us see life in another perspective and to make our own choices, Sociological imagination also helps us have the advantage of realising our current situations and to let us come with alternative ways of solving those situations, More importantly Sociological imagination defines our unique abilities and to let us be ourselves no matter the circumstances. TROUBLES AND ISSUES Sociological Imagination is concerned with aspects such as â€Å"troubles and issues† of individuals and tries to find ways of resolving them. Troubles are difficulties that are faced individuals but they tend to have control over them, where else issues are difficulties that affect not only individuals but groups of people and they mostly have little or no control over them. 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Public Speaking - 10-Minute Informative Speech on Making a...

Informative speech – Demonstration How to make a pizza dough I know you had a chance to eat it. I’m even confident you had a chance at least once to arrange the toppings on one for yourself. But how about making an entire pizza right from the scratch? Yes, that includes the pizza dough - the very soul of every pizza! Now, how can I motivate you to consider this instruction of making a pizza dough as something you may actually put to use sometimes? I know this doesn’t really fit nicely into a standard picture of American way of life, especially because of the time it takes. But if you want to make a difference and impress that special someone, you better go an extra mile. Trust me, it will give you some bragging rights†¦show more content†¦No, no, no †¦ Like you don’t go to the gym three days before you hit the beach. Remember, you’re doing something special here, and if it doesn’t take time and patience and a pinch of love (which I forgot to mention in a recipe) then it’s not really special, is it? OK, after letting it be for 10 minutes, the yeast mixture has matured and is now ready to be added to the flour. Sip it very slowly as you mix it gently. You can stir with your fingers assuming you washed your hands, of course. Now you can add salt and Olio Olivo Extra Virgine. Little by little, the mix will be turning from sticky to a nice fresh dough. If it seems too dry, add a bit more water. If you feel it’s too watery, add more flour. When all the mass from the mixing bowl is now one compact mass, take it out and place it onto a clean tabletop surface – it’s time to kneed! Oh yeah, don’t be shy now, even the big boys do it. You can close your window if you feel your pride is in danger, but you’ll get the last laugh anyway. To prevent the dough from sticking, sprinkle some flour over the surface and start kneeding with a lower palm of your stronger hand. Press it, fold over, then press again and do that for about 7-8 minutes. You know you’re done when the dough becomes compact and gummy to some extent. If you press your finger on it, you should see it coming back a little. Shape it now into a

King Edward Viii Free Essays

King Edward VIII was born on the 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972. Edward Reigned as King of the United Kingdom, Ireland and the other British Dominions, and as Emperor of India from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December 1936 . He was the last monarch to serve his entire reign as Emperor of India. We will write a custom essay sample on King Edward Viii or any similar topic only for you Order Now His official title during his reign was Edward the Eighth, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, King, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India.Later, as Duke of Windsor during World War II, he held the office of Governor and Commander-in-Chief of The Bahamas. No other British monarch has voluntarily relinquished the throne, though several have been â€Å"deemed to have abdicated† after fleeing, have suffered execution, or have given up part of their power. . Edward VIII was born at Richmond, the eldest son of Their Royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of York. The Duke of York, who later became King George V, was the second son of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales.The Duchess of York, formerly Her Serene Highness Princess Mary of Teck, was a great-granddaughter of King George III and a first cousin once removed of Queen Victoria. At the time of his birth, the child stood third in line to the British throne behind his father and grandfather. Edwards immediate family always knew him as David. His father ascended the throne on 6 May 1910. The new king created him Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester on 2 June 1910 and officially invested him as such in a special ceremony at Caernarfon Castle in 1911. For the first time since the middle Ages, this investiture took place in Wales. When World War I broke out, David had reached the minimum age for active service and expressed keenness to participate. Although the authorities allowed him to join the army, they kept him well away from any action that might have threatened his safety. After the war ended in 1918, his conduct began to give cause for concern to his ultra-conservative parents, particularly when he enjoyed relationships with a series of married women, including Americans Freda Dudley Ward and Wallis Simpson.Simpson had divorced her first husband in 1927 and subsequently married Ernest Simpson, an Anglo-American businessman. Mrs. Simpson and the Prince of Wales became lovers. Powerful figures deemed marriage to Mrs Simpson impossible for the king, even after she obtained her second divorce, because he had become de jure head of the Church of England, which prohibited remarriage after divorce. Edward rejected several alternative proposed solutions, including a morganatic marriage: he maintained adamantly that he wished to marry Mrs.Simpson, and he eventually abdicated his throne on December 11, 1936. State papers released in 2003 revealed that during the abdication crisis, as well as King Edward, Mrs. Simpson reportedly had two other lovers, one a car salesman, the other Edward FitzGerald, 7th Duke of Leinster, a close friend of the King. The abdication crisis caused a constitutional upheaval, and the throne passed to the Heir Presumptive, the King’s next oldest brother, Prince Albert, Duke of York, who became King George VI of the United Kingdom. On March 8, 1937, George VI created his brother, the former king, Duke of Windsor (the title lapsed with the Duke’s death). However, letters patent dated May 27, 1937, which reconferred upon the Duke of Windsor the â€Å"title, style, or attribute of Royal Highness,† specifically stated that â€Å"his wife and descendants, if any, shall not hold said title or attribute. † Edward was actually granted the title Duke of Windsor on December 12, 1936 the day after his abdication.The Duke mentions in his book, A King’s Story, that it was the first act of George VI’s reign, and it was proclaimed at the new King’s Accession Privy Council that his brother would be known as â€Å"His Royal Highness the Duke of Windsor† and that he had recreated him a Knight of the Garter. However, the formal letters patent were not signed until March 8, 1937. The Duke of Windsor married Mrs. Simpson in a private ceremony on 3 June 1937 at Chateau de Cande, Monts , France. None of the British royal family attended.The denial of the style â€Å"HRH† to the Duchess of Windsor, as well as the financial settlement, strained relations between the Duke of Windsor and the rest of the royal family for decades. The Duke had assumed that he would settle in Britain after a year or two of exile in France. However, King George VI (with the support of his mother Queen Mary and his wife Queen Elizabeth) threatened to cut off his allowance if he returned to Britain without an invitation. In 1937, the Duke and Duchess visited Germany as personal guests of Adolf Hitler, a visit much publicized by the Nazi media.The couple then settled in France. When the Germans invaded the north of France in May 1940, the Windsors fled south, first to Biarritz, then in June to Spain. In July the pair moved to Lisbon, Portugal, where they lived at first in the home of a banker with close German Embassy contacts. The British Foreign Office strenuously objected when the pair planned to sail around aimlessly on a yacht belonging to a Swedish magnate, Axel Wenner-Gren, whom American intelligence considered to be a close friend of Hermann Goering, Hitler’s lieutenant.A â€Å"defeatist† interview with the Duke that received wide distribution may have served as the last straw for the British government: in August a British warship dispatched the pair to the Bahamas, where the Duke of Windsor became Governor, a post he held until after the end of World War II in 1945. Then the couple retired once again to France, where they spent much of the remainder of their lives. In recent years, some have suggested that the Duke and (especially) the Duchess sympathised with Fascism before and during World War II, and had to remain in the Bahamas to minimize their oppor tunities to act on those feelings.These revised assessments of his career hinge on some wartime information released in 1996, and on further secret files released by the U. K. government in 2003. The files had remained closed for decades, as Whitehall judged that they would cause the Queen Mother substantial distress if released during her lifetime. US naval intelligence documents a confidential report of a conference of German foreign officials in October 1941 that found the Duke â€Å"no enemy to Germany† and the only English representative with whom Hitler would negotiate any peace terms, â€Å"the logical director of England’s destiny after the war†.President Roosevelt had ordered covert surveillance of the Duke and Duchess when they visited Palm Beach, Florida, in April 1941. The former Duke of Wurttemberg (then a monk in an American monastery) convinced the FBI that the Duchess had been sleeping with the German ambassador in London, Joachim von Ribbentrop, had remained in constant contact with him, and continued to leak secrets. In later years, the Duke of Windsor met with other members of the royal family on several occasions, but his wife never gained acceptance.He died in 1972 at Paris, and his body was returned to Britain for burial at Frogmore, near Windsor Castle. The Duchess of Windsor, on her death ten and a half years later, was buried alongside her husband in Frogmore. They had no children. Through the years of Edwards’s life his titles varied changing approximately ten times he was called everything from His Highness Prince Edward of York to His Majesty King Edward VIII And everything in-between. How to cite King Edward Viii, Papers

Value Chain Analysis of ABB PBS for Power Plant- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theValue Chain Analysis of ABB PBS for Power Plant. Answer: Introduction ABB and PBS were different entity involved in the contactor business of turbines, power plant, boilers and others. Both the business came into a joint venture when PBS agreed with the ABB proposal in 1992. During the venture ABB owned 67 percent of the share and PBS owned 33 percent of shares of the company. PBS on one hand contributed their land, plants and employees in the joint venture, while ABB gave financial support and modern technologies to the company. The joint venture included all kinds of boilers, turbines, power plant and the plant of PBS in Mikulov that made turbine blades. The reason for choosing this case study is the strong channel of the company after the venture was formed. Their operations are unique as some of them are dependent on others while others are their own functions (Gereffi Fernandez-Stark, 2016). The report discusses about the value chain analysis of ABB PBS after the venture. It further discusses about both the primary and support activities in the v alue chain analysis. Value Chain Analysis of ABB PBS Primary Activities of ABB PBS Inbound Logistic Outbound Logistic Operations Marketing and sales Services Importance It is the raw materials and other important tools that the company purchase for producing the final goods It decides the final quantity of goods that the company is producing and offering for sale in the market It is important because it decides the main activities of the business It helps in generating revenue and increasing brand value of the company It helps in attracting new customers for the organization and retain the existing customers of the business (Olson, 2014) Strength The joint venture of ABB PBS has inbound logistic of external services division, information system, physical capital, land and plant equipment Both ABB PBS served products as outbound logistic such as power generation, turbines, boilers, internal service division that offered maintenance and repair service business. Export accounted for more than quarter of the total orders The main operation were to develop turbines, boilers, steam line boilers, and to offer services like maintenance and repair Was assisted by the sister company of ABB in offering sales network opportunities. Owned a vice president of sale to carry out all the sales activity and also an export sales team. Offering repair services to the customers and providing power to huge industries from its power generating plants Weakness Failure after two years as external service division started functioning as a separate business. Technology advancement lead to inability of the employers to perform their task efficiently. Huge competition and losing share of repair services. Increase in cost due to high competitions. Orders for boilers reduced gradually after two years of venture Failed to perform their services gradually after two years of the venture. External service division failed with the aim of functioning as a separate business. Did not carry out any strong marketing and advertising activities to increase their brand name as a joint venture. it sales team also started to decline its services after two years of successful operation Failed to offer all kind of service to the customers after two years of operations because of lack of support and service generation came below 10 percent of the set goals. Table 1: Primary Activities Source: (Darmawan, Putra, Wiguna, 2014) Support Activities of ABB PBS Procurement Technology development Human Resource Management Firm infrastructure Importance Helped the company in setting a new business successfully by procuring the services and facilities from each other Important for the organization to generate services efficiently and also to compete successfully in the business. Helps in hiring employees for the business to carry out work efficiently for every division of the business. These are the capital, finance and others that helps in carrying out the functions of the business efficiently and support long term growth (Alcacer Delgado, 2016) Strength ABB PBS has procured the value of land, employees and equipment from the PBS and ABB offered financial support and technologies to the business ABB contributed the technologies to the business and the joint venture always played a significant role in technological development. The joint venture benefitted on some ground from the merger from the development of the new steam turbine lines. The joint venture also benefitted on various other variables such as productivity and inventory due to advanced technology The human capital restructuring of ABB PBS included training the already existing employees about the new technologies rather than hiring new employees. Training the employees about the technology and English language The business had a very strong financial performance for the two years. Export revenue increased more than quarter of expected earnings. It also had a strong infrastructure in innovation and new technology adoption. Weakness The business failed to procure sufficient amount of employees from the ABB sister company. Most of the employees of PBS did not join the joint venture The company failed to realize the importance of technology till the mid-1996 and the technology development was very slow till then. There is also a lack in the number of engineers to use the advanced technology. This made it difficult for the business to hire new technology easily. However, the company started losing employees due to problems in human resource such as longer time of pay of incentives, profit sharing was low for some workers and low bonus to some bonus-worthy employees. The financial strength of the business fell after the two years and the company also started to lose its expertise on external services and information system. Finance also decline due to lack of demand for boilers. Table 2: Support Activities Source: (Casadess, 2016) From the above analysis the Value Chain analysis of ABB PBS that showed all its strength and weakness depending on its various activities such as inbound logistics, outbound logistic, marketing, operation and services (de Souza Mrcio de Almeida, 2013). However the condition of these factors depends directly on the support activities of the business such as its procurement from the joint venture, human resource management, and technology condition and infrastructure development. Recommendation From the above analysis it can be seen that the joint venture that took place between ABB and PBS was successful for the first two year and slowly started to decline thereafter. This was because some of the lack of support from the parent company of ABB and PBS. The company should also conduct a better marketing strategy to market its new venture and create maximum brand value. This will help them create a better brand recognition of the new venture and also help them attract better investors, technology and better customers. Moreover it is also important the company hire some educated and trained employees that can use new technologies rather than training the existing employees. Conclusion From the above analysis it can be deduced that the joint venture that took place between ABB and PBS proved to be successful. In the venture ABB owned the maximum share compared to PBS depending on the value of things they offered during the venture. the product line offered by PBS such as boilers, plants, turbine and other and technologies and finance offered by ABB helped the venture to be the most prosperous one. The company also had very strong sales team to carry out sales. However, due to cultural difference and lac of support from the parent companies lead to the downfall of ABB PBS. The managers thus realized that the venture will further decline. The venture also decline due to increasing environmental needs and lack of demand for boilers. Thus the company needs to adopt modern technologies to generate power without emitting any harmful impact on the environment. References Alcacer, J., Delgado, M. (2016). Spatial organization of firms and location choices through the value chain.Management Science,62(11), 3213-3234. Casadess, M. (2016). THE IMPACT OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS INTEGRATION THROUGH THE VALUE CHAIN.Center for Quality. Darmawan, M. A., Putra, M. P. I. F., Wiguna, B. (2014). Value chain analysis for green productivity improvement in the natural rubber supply chain: a case study.Journal of Cleaner Production,85, 201-211. de Souza, C. D. R., Mrcio de Almeida, D. A. (2013). Value chain analysis applied to the scrap tire reverse logistics chain: An applied study of co-processing in the cement industry.Resources, Conservation and Recycling,78, 15-25. Gereffi, G., Fernandez-Stark, K. (2016). Global value chain analysis: a primer. Olson, E. L. (2014). Green innovation value chain analysis of PV solar power.Journal of cleaner production,64, 73-80.

Honda Accord Hybrid Case

The marketing plan for Honda Accord Hybrid failed to take note of consumer attitudes and lifestyles. Their product positioning strategies were ineffective which made the vehicle lack a unique brand identity in the market. They failed to include strong attributes regarding the product in their plans. Engineers who designed the vehicle thought buyers would be impressed by the vehicle’s fuel economy capabilities but they did not take note of prevailing market conditions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Honda Accord Hybrid Case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They did not take time to realize that vehicle buyers had become more conscious about prices and this influenced their purchasing habits (Kiley, 2007). The six cylinder Accord hybrid was priced at more than 9,000 dollars higher than the four cylinder gasoline version. The pricing strategy adopted for the vehicle discouraged buyers from buying the vehicle and they opted to purchase the gasoline version. Honda also failed to engage potential buyers to understand the type of vehicle they wanted to satisfy their expectations. The firm did not offer customers a unique selling point that would motivate them to purchase the vehicle. The marketing had a false sense of hope that the Accord hybrid would follow in the footsteps of its gasoline version which had recorded high sales in the U.S. The firm failed to establish a unique brand for the hybrid model, which made it difficult for customers to understand its unique attributes (Kiley, 2007). Customers were not able to distinguish the Accord hybrid from the gasoline version and this affected its performance in the market. Therefore, the firm had a high quality product which was not properly marketed and lacked a unique selling point. The firm also failed to initiate memorable marketing campaigns that would have given the vehicle a strong entry into the market. Honda needs to overhaul its re search and development processes to come up with hybrid vehicles that suit customers’ needs and lifestyles. The firm needs to the vehicle a different brand name to make it possible for potential buyers to distinguish it from the gasoline version. This will make the product have its own brand identity that evokes positive feelings from potential buyers in the market. Some additional improvements should be done on the vehicle to add new features that give it the desired level of competitiveness in the market. The firm should take effective approaches to win the confidence of its customers. This will strengthen their faith in the new product to help it maintain its competitive edge in the market (Karadeniz, 2009, p. 99). The design needs to take note of fuel efficiency and other attractive features to make it more competitive than other substitutes in the market. The firm needs to be aware that Toyota’s hybrid car, the Prius is performing well in the market. It needs to c ome up with effective strategies to help the vehicle get a larger market share.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Honda needs to communicate the vehicle’s strongest attributes to give it more publicity in the market. The firm should make customers aware of the unique features of this product and how it suits their lifestyles. The confusion generated by the previous model regarding fuel usage was one of the main reasons that made it perform poorly in the market. The firm needs to clear this issue to make customers understand how much fuel the vehicle consumes. The pricing strategy needs to take note of buyers’ interests, incomes and lifestyles (Karadeniz, 2009, p. 102). This will make it possible for the improved product to be responsive to buyers’ interests. The firm needs to improve the way the vehicle is perceived by potential buyers to make it more attr active. The new hybrid vehicle needs to have its own independent brand to make it more appealing to customers. The firm’s marketing campaigns need to make customers’ about the vehicle’s fuel consumption rates compared to other substitutes and other unique functional features. This will ensure customers do not confuse it with the Accord gasoline version. The firm needs to develop effective marketing campaigns that appeal to the emotional psyche of prospective car buyers (Karadeniz, 2009, p. 104). Previous Honda models have performed well in the market because customers have a lot of sentimental attachments to them. The firm needs to use the loyalty it has built in the market over the years to help it register positive results in the market. The firm’s marketers need to reverse misleading perceptions about the product in the market. The hybrid’s high price discouraged many customers from purchasing it because they felt it was beyond what they were ab le to afford. The marketing approach adopted for the new brand should adopt a suitable pricing strategy to encourage more prospective buyers to purchase it. The firm needs to partner with good advertising companies to enable it create compelling adverts that connect with potential customers in the market easily (Karadeniz, 2009, p. 107). The advertising approaches used need to show customers the product’s unique selling point to encourage them to purchase this brand. This will help the product to overcome entry barriers in the market that made the previous model to register abysmal performance. References Karadeniz, M. (2009). Product positioning strategy in marketing management. Journal of Naval Science and Engineering, 5 (2), 98-110.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Honda Accord Hybrid Case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kiley, D. (2007, June 5). Failure of Accord Hybrid is a marketing fiasco. Bloomber g Business Week. Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/ This essay on Honda Accord Hybrid Case was written and submitted by user Chaya Barry to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Product Life Cycle Essays

Product Life Cycle Essays Product Life Cycle Paper Product Life Cycle Paper 1. Introduction It has been well established that Product Life Cycle (PLC) concept has a significant impact upon business strategy and corporate performance. Since the term was first used by Levitt (1965 ) in an Harvard Business Review article â€Å"Exploit the Product Life Cycle† the concept has been widely accepted and applied by marketing practitioners all over the world. The product life cycle concept is one of the most quoted and most frequently taught elements of marketing theory. According to Mercer (1993: 269) the influence of the product life cycle can be seen in other theories, from new product development, positioning differentiation and portfolio analysis. Since its adoption by marketing, the product life cycle (PLC) has achieved universal acceptance because of its appeal and wide application. According to Weber (1976: 12) the product life cycle concept provides an intuitively appealing and readily understandable framework of analysis for considering future growth opportunities and pitfalls. As time passes sales increase slowly at first (introduction phase), then more quickly (growth phase), then once again more slowly (maturity and saturation phases), and finally decrease (decline phase). This assignment discusses the importance of repositioning and differentiating for an organization’s products or services using the concept of Product Life Cycle (PLC). It also critically analyses the actual practice an organization undertakes to repositioning or differentiating it products. Based on the critical analysis a set of recommendations are provided for the selected organization to improve its overall positioning differentiating efforts during the various stages of PLC. Within this context, the organization that is selected is Bahrain International Retail Development Centre (BIRD) which is one of the leading corporate training providers in Bahrain. 2. Discussion 2. 1 Description of the selected organization- BIRD Bahrain International Retail Development Centre (BIRD) is a sister concern of Bahrain Duty Free. It is a joint venture between Bahrain Duty Free Air Rainta International, set up since 2001. The Product Life Cycle Introduction Stage Focused and intense marketing effort This is the design stage where they think of a product which they feel there is a gap in the market for there product and whether or not they feel they can succeed and be profitable for example playstation they have 3 consoles xbox realised a new console in 2006 the xbox360 playstation came up with a new console the playstation 3 it had more extras than the xbox and had free internet access on it and more extras. Establish a Clear Identity It is important for a business to develop an identity for they this is important so customers can relate to the business and it can be separate image for that of its customers. For example addidas have a motto impossible is nothing its catchy and inspirering. Also they use celebrities to endorse there product when people think about David Beckham than they think addidas the two are thought off together. Promotes Maximum Awareness For a product to promote maximum awareness than they must use the marketing mix effectively to do this the company needs to utilise the 4 Ps if this is done than enough people should know about the product for it to succeed. Carlsberg is a prime example of this they are frequently advertised on television with a variety of supermarkets and also an advertisement by the company itself with also have catchy mottos Carlsberg properly the best larger in the world. Trial or Impulse purchases occur at this stage When a new product comes out it has zero sales no one has seen this product before so it generates interest and people will buy for the sake of buying this product this is buying on impulse. An example of this would be when ipods first came out no one really new what it was and it generated a huge interest people bought on impulse. Growth Stage Increasing Sales Experienced When a product is first introduced the sales will increase rapidly because it starts at zero sales. Customers see a new product it increases interest and people start to buy. An example of increasing sales experience is blue ray DVD players it is new technology it is a relatively new product and sales havent peaked yet. Competitors Emerge Competitors emerge once a product has been released and has become successful other companies see this and release there own products. An example of this would be games consoles in general when a new generation of games consoles come out they all come out within a year and half of each other and have almost identical features. Sustained Market Activities Sustained market activity is important for a product to be successful the marketing mix most be used efficiently. All large companies do this good market research is key for this Sony have sustained market activities because of there ability to adapt to the current market. Maturity Stage In this stage sales have peaked they are still quite high but are not increasing. Competitors begin to leave the market this is because the sales have stopped growing so there are now no new customers. This may happen in television market as five or 6 years ago ordinary widescreen televisions had become quite popular and many homes had got one but they soon stopped increasing with new flat screen televisions about to enter the market so competitors left the market. Sales Velocity is dramatically reduced the products growth stops it still makes a profit but profits do not noticeable increase. Sales Volume reaches a steady state this will show up like a flat line on a product life cycle graph it is where the products are now not attracting any new customers. Mostly Loyal Customers buy the product this is where profits and product interest has stopped it only gets repeat purchase from loyal customers there are no more impulse buying of the product. Decline Stage Lingering Effects of competition this may add to the decline of a certain product if rival companies release a similar product an example of this would be Nintendo GameCube came out a year before play station 2 it had huge success until the realise of play stations new console then declined. Unfavourable economic trends this contributes massively to some items profits. We are now in a credit crunch and all car companies are at a loss and almost all have stopped production. New Fashion Trends is where a product is no longer in demand an example of this would be tamagochi toys they where a must have accessory in the late 90s to young children to teenagers but the trend soon changed and they now cannot be found Boston Matrix The BCG matrix (aka B.C.G. analysis, BCG-matrix, Boston Box, Boston Matrix, Boston Consulting Group analysis) is a chart that had been created by Bruce Henderson for the Boston Consulting Group in 1970 to help corporations with analyzing their business units or product lines. This helps the company allocate resources and is used as an analytical tool in brand marketing, product management, strategic management, and portfolio analysis. www.wikipedia.org Dogs A dog this is business term for company which has a low share of a low growth market. They do not generate cash for the companies they are tend to suck money into the company. These are the sort of products you should not invest in. An example of this would be a tamagochi it was a electronic toy which only ever lasted a few months it soon came out of production and now can not be found. Cash Cows These are products with a large share of a slow market growth. They generate money for the money that is invested into the company. This is a company which you would keep your shares in. An example of this would be in the car manufacturer the bmw m3 it is a high powered large sports car and not many would buy them. Question Marks These have low share in high growth market. The money invested in them is used up mostly on marketing to try increase awareness and profits. An example of this would be fruit of the loom clothing is constantly growing and also in a fashion orientated generation but people want designer clothes. Stars These are products which has a high share in a high growth market these make a lot of money for the money invested itll be promoted heavily and expand the product when needs be. An example of a star would be the apple ipod more and more people are buying them and they already have a high market share in a high market growth. Magners Cider would be a Star it has a large share in a high growth market a lot of people buy alcohol and a lot of people buy Magners it is a popular brand.

Marketing Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Marketing Communication - Essay Example Marketing communication should reach a range of stakeholders and other players peripheral to the target market and which influence the business success (Clulow, 2006). Benefits and pitfalls of stakeholder responses should be anticipated and used to advantage. In the case of BMI the main marketing objectives was to introduce its product. It was planning to launch a low-cost airline subsidiary to compete with other low-cost carriers. They needed the services of an advertising agency because the launch required strategic brand development before the advertising plan could be developed. The marketing communications objective for BMI was challenging because the advertising agency had to launch a product with no brand name or brand image. Corporate communications in an airline must have certain differential features to influence travelers and establish brand image (Driver, 1999). BMI enjoyed a reputation for friendliness but the branding and positioning of the new product needed to have a low-cost approach. This required a strong brand image to distinguish it from long-established competitors. Another objective of marketing communications for the new airline was that even though the market for low-cost airline was still growing, it would reach a saturation point within 2 or 3 years. The passengers would then make a decision based on their experience. Consumers retain images of their experience with an airline or any service and this personal experience becomes the key driver for future purchases (FitzGerald & Arnott, 1999). Consumers are known to retain that brand in memory and if satisfied, it becomes their preferred choice. The attributes related to the image of the airline are only partially related to direct operational and flight factors. Relationship marketing emphasizes the need for firms to establish lasting relationships with customers, suppliers, employees and stakeholders through trust, relationship commitment and

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 21

Summary - Essay Example As ethics cannot be defined on the basis of feelings, science, cultural norms and laws it is difficult to identify the ethical standards. Experts have recommended five sources that are likely to help in developing the ethical standards. The first one is the Utilitarian approach in which ethical action is expected to produce ‘the least harm’ or ‘the most good’. In the second approach which is ‘the rights approach’, an action that respects and best protects the moral rights of all those who are involved, is the ethical. In the justice approach, all individuals are treated equally by an ethical action. The common good approach says that the ethical reasoning is based on the interlocking relationships that exist in the society. The fifth approach i.e. the virtue approach suggests that ethical actions should be consistent with specific ideal virtues which help the process of development of humanity. One may find it difficult to identify the ethical s tandards even after using all these approaches together (Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, Santa Clara University). Ethical decision making requires enough sensitivity to various ethical issues as well as a method that is already practiced for exploring different ethical aspects. A framework is developed for making ethical decisions. According to this framework, ethical decision can be made by following few steps. The first of these is to identify the ethical issue which is followed by the collection of facts regarding the issue. Once this is done, alternative actions are needed to be evaluated by asking few questions that would be based on the five approaches that are already discussed. Finally a decision can be made and tested. Based on its outcome, further modifications can be made to make it more ethical (Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, Santa Clara

The Motivation Behind Corporate Acquisitions And Mergers Finance Essay

The Motivation Behind Corporate Acquisitions And Mergers Finance Essay Research that considers the motivation for corporate acquisitions takes essentially two forms. There are studies that concentrate on providing a theoretical analysis based on economic and behavioral theories and those which subject the theories to empirical tests. Friedrich Trautwein (1990) provides a critical review of the predominant theories of merger motives and merger prescriptions. the theories of merger can be categorized into seven groups : efficiency theory, monopoly theory, valuation theory, empire-building theory, process theory, raider theory and disturbance theory. 7 Motivations for MA: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ £ Monopoly Theory: Gaining market power. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ £ Efficiency Theory: Operating synergies, financial synergies and Management synergies. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ £ Valuation Theory: Bidder managers have better information about the targets financial performance than the stock market. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ £ Empire Building Theory: Planned and executed by managers who Maximize their own utility instead of their shareholders value. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ £ Process Theory: Mangers have only limited information and base Decisions on imperfect information. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ £ Raider Theory: Managers creating wealth transfers from the stockholders of the companies they bid for. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ £ Disturbance Theory: Merger waves are caused by economic disturbances. Why Are There So Many Mergers and Acquisitions? The most important motivation engaging in an MA is to assure the existence or the continuity of the firms activity. If all the major competitors become bigger through the MA transactions, then a firm may take on in an acquisition to ensure competitive parity. Profits left for a firm after investing in all current positive net present value opportunities is the firms free cash flow. The free cash flow can amount to billions of dollars. For example, Microsoft is reported to have had a free cash flow of $45 billion in 2004! Dominant firms in mature businesses often find themselves in such situations. For firms with free cash flow the obvious decision should be to invest the money in MA activity because such transactions may at least generate competitive parity. Today many businesses recognize the uncompromising demand to seek merger and acquisition transaction, to seek growth and profits. In the strategy literature acquisitions are explained by two main classes of theories: first is the value-maximizing theories and secondly is the managerial theories (Seth1990a). Merger and acquisition literature suggests that managers do have various motives for mergers (Trautwein, 1990). Managers may have personal goals and ambition that differ from the strategy and the need of the firm. At times the managers shareholder conflict arise during the mergers and acquisition transactions. These motivations originate from the ambition to get rich and securing their position hence reducing the risk of the firms bankruptcy. Managers may be motivated to engage in MAs even when such operations do not benefit the entity because acquisition is the fastest and the easiest way to expand the scope of their control. In the context of MA activity, this means that managers may engage in an MA even when there is zero economic value for bidding firms. The argument made by managers here is that they can perform better than the managers of the target firm. Examining the phenomenon of mergers and acquisitions what is the driving force behind it? Mergers and acquisitions is reaching record braking levels, The 1980s and 1990s were characterized by a rash of mergers and acquisitions (MA) with both domestic and foreign partners. The wave of mergers during recent years has drawn widespread attention because The fact that some firms create positive economic value in MA activity spurred some firms to pursue such transactions. In the 1990s we saw a number of mega-mergers between multinationals-for example, DaimlerChrysler and Exxon-Mobil- CitiCorp and Travelers Group, MCI and WorldCom, Hewlett-Packard and Compaq which changed the entire competitive environment of their respective global markets. These high-profile corporate  mergers  become an great example for any corporation considering a potential acquisition. The 1990s also saw the rise of privatization of enterprise in many emerging markets, creating growth opportunities to gain access to previously closed markets of enormous potential. Looking into the mergers and acquisition literature, merger motives do not play a significant role; MA give out more merger consequences than theoretical effort (Trautwein, 1990). In fact, taking into consideration the work of Allen et al (2002) that was based in Trautwein (1990) findings and assumptions, most observers agree that mergers are motivated by a complex pattern of motives and that no single motive or method can provide a full explanation (e.g. Steiner, 1975; Ravenscraft and Scherer, 1987). Such motives include increasing profitability, the pursuit of market power, and marketing economies of scale, cost reductions and creation of barriers to entry. What is the true motivation for cross-border mergers and acquisitions? The eloquent answer is the traditional one: building shareholder value! Corporations frequently seek growth in search of new markets, resources, productive advantages, profit, investment opportunities and elements of competition through the acquisition of other companies. Corporations undertake mergers and acquisitions transaction for a variety of reasons. The drivers are strategic responses by firms to defend and enhance their global Competitiveness by: à ¢-  Gaining access to strategic proprietary assets à ¢-  Gaining market power and dominance à ¢-  Achieving synergies in local/global operations and across different industries à ¢-  becoming larger, and then reaping the benefits of size in competition and negotiation à ¢-  Diversifying and spreading their risks wider à ¢-  Exploiting financial opportunities they may possess and others desire We can summarize that the Motives behind mergers and acquisition activity by listing Some motives: To create a number of new business opportunities (Healy et al. 1990, 23) and entry new Markets (Black, Carnes and Jandik 2001,5) To reduce earnings volatility (Healy et al. 1990, 23; Black, Carnes and Jandik 2001,5) Technical Efficiency (Chaaban, Rà ©quillart and Trà ©visiol 2005) and economies of scale employment risk i.e., risk of losing job, professional Reputation, etc. Managersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ personal wealth is linked more to firm size and risk ofBankruptcy than to firm performance (Amihud and Lev 1981). The merger offers anopportunity to improve oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s social identity as well (Terry, Callan and Sartori 1996) Value maximization (Halpern 1983, 314) is specially a shareholderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s goal (Bethel and Liebeskind 1993, 29) Use of control position (Halpern 1983, 314) Synergy (Halpern 1983, 314; Chatterjee 1992) Monopoly (Halpern 1983, 314) Corporate restructuring is needed industry wide (Hatfield, Porter Liebeskind, Opler 1996; Markides 2006; Chatterjee 1992) cost reduction (Dranove and Shanley 1994) -managerial vs. shareholder interests (Taffler, Holl 2006; Holl and Kyriazis 1997; Mahoney and Mahoney 1991; Mahoney and Mahoney 2006; Firth 1991). Motives for takeovers tend to reflect managerial rather than shareholder interests in abandoned mergers (Taffler and Holl 1991). Amit, Livnat and Zarowin (1989) have investigated owner-manager conflict of interest. Reputation enhancement (Dranove and Shanley 1994): local systems do not appear to have lower cost but do appear to enjoy reputation benefits Innovation performance (Ahuja and Katila 2001) Resource redeployment (Capron, Dussauge and Mitchell 1998) Power, achievement, sensation seeking and prestige (Lausberg and Stahl 2006)

Lab

The main function demonstrated by Spunk where the ability to quickly analyze data and show correlations in the data. This builds more secure operations, because data can be compiled and analyzed in minutes instead of hours and days. Thus any necessary action by operations personnel and security personnel can take place in a reasonable amount of time. Spunk also can monitor server events and report alerts as needed to alert personnel to ongoing or current issues. 3.What types of â€Å"Data Inputs† are available in Spunk and most other log management tools? Spunk can receive data inputs from event log collection, remote event log collections, files and directories, local performance monitoring, remote performance monitoring TCP, UDP, Registry monitoring active directory monitoring, and scripts. 4. What types of â€Å"Alert Conditions† are available in Spunk and most other log management tools? A. A Basic Conditional Alert is a trigger that is set off when a certain number Of alerts that have been scheduled is surpassed. . An Advanced Conditional Alert is a trigger that is set off when a secondary alert is met in addition to the primary scheduled alert. 5. What types of â€Å"Alert Actions† are available in Spunk and most other log management tools? Basic alerting, Advanced alerts and confining options, Real-time alerting and throttling, and Alert Manager 6. What is the search string for the â€Å"windows-fletching- failure† pre-configured Search? 7. What is the search string for the performance_snapshot automated Job which comes pre-configured? . Provide at least five (5) examples of security or operations related Windows Management Reports and Searches that are pre-configured and available within Spunk 9. What Chart Types are available for a search or report within Spunk? There are column, line, area, bar, pie, scatter, radial gauge, filler gauge, and marker gauge. 10. What Scheduled Search did you configure to Alert and/or Report wit hin Spunk to help your AOL of Implementing Security Operations Management Best Practices?Explain the reasoning behind scheduling this particular alert. I would schedule the prefigured search, errors in the last hour, to run every hour. This would allow me to see any errors that are relatively new that I could look into quickly. Ideally alerts in real time would be better, but if just choosing one to run while another search is developed this would be good.

Let’s analyze the gaming console industry Essay

We can define two types of supplier: the hardware supplier and the software supplier. The hardware suppliers providing the elements needed to build the consoles have a low bargaining power because there have very low switching costs and there are a lot of them. On the other hand, the software suppliers (developers) have a high bargaining power because they choose and set the conditions to work with each console. Entry Barriers Entry barriers are high because of high R&D costs and the high capital investment needed to start a business in the console industry. Internal Rivalry There is high internal rivalry among competitors because the core player market is growing slowly, competitors have high exit barriers and the products developed turn obsoletes in less than 5 years due to the fast progress of technology. The players in the industry are: Sony, XBOX and Nintendo. Buyer Power The bargaining power of buyers is high because there are many options with very low switching costs. Substitutes Low substitute power because they are not very similar (like TV or other entertainment device) and don’t fulfill the same exact purpose. Sony has few competitors due to high barriers-to-entry and startup costs but buyers and suppliers (game developers) have high bargaining power and low switching costs. Sony should target a new market as Nintendo did. We could call this market the casual players market. In order to get in this new segment, Sony will have to develop a more interactive way of using their console without dropping the numerous features to avoid losing their core player market share. The key of success for Sony is to adapt a new technology such as Nintendo did with Wii that will enable the company to target a broader market and not only the males from 16-36 years old. The advantage of entering those two markets with one console is that Sony will enter a bigger market with bigger returns and consequently bigger economies of scales. Also, entering the casual player market is important for the company to avoid falling behind its competitors in both markets since this new segment will enhance the brand exposure and recognition. The risk associated to this option is to turn this high performing console in a low performing console (as Nintendo did) and lose the core players customers that are very important to Sony financial stability and growth. A big challenge for this new console will be to cut costs in order to make it more accessible to customers, since the casual players market will definitely be â€Å"guided† by price. Vis-a-vis the Five Forces, if Sony were to pursue this option, the company will be competing in the core player market and on the casual player market. On the casual player market the substitutes will have more power. Sony will compete with other activities such as watching TV, watching a movie and others living room activities. The main â€Å"purpose† of this market is entertainment in general while the core player market is about playing video games. Update: Sony and Microsoft had already implemented advanced interactive technologies. Nowadays, Microsoft has the most advanced software and hardware that don’t need controllers anymore, just your body.

Personal Statement On Health Care - 964 Words

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